Blogs:

Newsarama Blogs Home > Article: Just Past the Horizon: On Superhero Comics

Just Past the Horizon: On Superhero Comics

July 6th, 2007
Author Lisa Fortuner

Sexism, racism, homophobia and art that borders on the pornographic are not essential characteristics of the superhero genre.

Weird powers, funky costumes (fun colorful costumes, not painful ones), cheesy concepts like aliens and fairies and walking gods are essential to the genre. Identity confusion is essential to the genre. Conflict between good and evil and other shades on the moral scale (from the irredeemable villain to the misguided villain to the misguided hero to the hero of the high ground) is essential to the genre. The responsibility to use your natural abilities is essential to the genre. Right versus wrong is essential to the genre. The power to protect yourself, your friends and your family is essential to the genre. The power to change the world is essential to the genre (and is one aspect that would appeal to a feminist in particular). Escape from the everyday helplessness of life is essential to the genre.

No one who asks the publishers to put some damned clothes on Star Sapphire or to stop killing off all the female characters is asking to change anything that is essential to the genre.

41 Responses to “Just Past the Horizon: On Superhero Comics”
  1. Diana Kingston-Gabai Says:

    Well said. And I’d like to take that a step further, if I may - even if these things were essential to the genre, we’d still be in the right by demanding change. Just because “it’s always been that way” doesn’t mean it’ll always have to be that way.

  2. mary roberts Says:

    The concept of Star Sapphire is based on seduction.

    Don’t be so freakin prude.

  3. ticknart Says:

    Mary Roberts — Are you suggesting that a woman can’t be seductive while wearing clothing that covers most of her body?

  4. mary roberts Says:

    No. But it’s easier (and more straightforward) if she’s half naked.

    Have you ever wondered why Playboy models are not wearing much?. Geez louise….

  5. Lisa Fortuner Says:

    Mary — [Edit] In its introduction, Star Sapphire was conceived to give Green Lantern’s girlfriend a secret identity of her own. The story was that she was offered a chance to leave the planet, but when she said she’d stay for a man the Zamarons made her fight him to convince her he wasn’t worth it.

    It served, whether intentional or not, to parallel the feminist awakening of a generation of girls who to the male viewpoint suddenly seemed to change their personality from wanting romance and marriage to wanting to fight and prove that they were just as good or better than men. (It wasn’t sudden at all, but it seemed that way to people who hadn’t been paying attention to what was going on in the lives of Baby Boomer girls.) It was one of a stock of “Feminists brainwash my girlfriend” tropes from the era.

    Geoff Johns retconned Star Sapphire to emphasize seduction. This was entirely unnecessary, but not without its merits. Johns explained that personality shifts in a character who had went from a silly parody of feminism to a grotesque parody of womanhood in general as a mind-altering parasite. He tied the parasite to purple, which represents the emotional frequency of love. It was specifically described as love, and not lust, so there is more leeway for interpretation than the fearbug or the willpower whale. It was also handled by a set of aliens who for all their work very clearly did not understand the emotion they had been working with. (The Zamarons were still experimenting.) Love is a broad, encompassing emotional experience that can be twisted in several ways, and since the “lovebug” (I prefer “loverfly” myself, but nicknames are a tangential point of contention with Melissa, and don’t enter into this conversation) in the storyline was imprinted specifically on Hal, the current manifestation of Star Sapphire implies that Hal’s perception of love is twisted to overemphasize sexuality and de-emphasize personal connections. That flaw may be why his long-term relationship with Carol always had trouble, and led to break-up/make-up syndrome.

    Theoretically, if Star Sapphire imprinted on a Lantern such as John, Kyle or Guy, characters who tend to have long-term, intense personal relationships rather than quick romantic trysts, it wouldn’t emphasize seduction.

    All of that is completely moot, however, because the costume is exploitive and hideous, and there is much more tasteful attire that can be worn for the purposes of seduction. Subtlety is a lost art, it seems. A little cleavage, a little leg goes a long way with a guy like Hal (honestly, a sweatsuit is probably a turn on for Hal Jordan) and manages to be not nearly as offensive. [Edit]

  6. Rob S. Says:

    “Don’t be so freakin prude.”

    Perhaps if you mastered simple grammar, you wouldn’t have to strip down to a g-string to seduce, Marybob…

  7. Matt Brady Says:

    Folks - on all sides of this, let’s stop the childish insults RIGHT NOW. It’s a shame when these sorts of topics devolve, 80-90% of the time into name-calling, and this one took what, just five posts until it was a full-bore slapfight full of names and accusations.

    Neither “side” comes out as looking better than the other if the first line of defense is personal insults.

  8. mary roberts Says:

    Lisa here is a hint: Comics are not literature.

    Especially not the spandex type. That essay is a bit embarassing.

  9. Lisa Fortuner Says:

    Matt — Sorry, I have a hair trigger for trolls. I edited the opening and closing personal insults out of my own comment.

    Mary — If you’d like to argue the point of literature and comics, come talk to me at my personal blog

  10. matches malone Says:

    Ms. Fortuner,

    Thank you very much for this post. I agree completely with your sentiments. I have taken a lot of flak on Newsarama for pointing out that Star Sapphire, many Top Cow characters, etc., are depicted in costumes similar to those worn on the covers of some sexually explicit DVDs.

    I am not opposed to such materials - note that I do not call sexually explicit materials “pornography” because I think that imparts a negative judgement.

    I believe however that there is a negative impact from sexualized violence, and from the objectification that takes place when the focus is on 100 percent anatomically impossible poses featuring 100 percent anatomically body parts… with a bunch of passivity thrown in).

    That JLA cover with Power Girl for instance - I mentioned that it looked like breast fetishist material, a Russ Meyer movie, Chesty Morgan, etc., rather than a mainstream comic book cover. Responses consisted of “shut up”, “you’re a prude”, etc. No one tried to make the argument that the JLA cover didn’t look like breast fetishist material. I guess I was harshing people’s mellow by pointing that out.

    But hey, who cares about 51 percent of the population, as a potential audience, and as fellow freakin’ human beings, not objects.

  11. matches malone Says:

    ps - anyone with an interest in this topic should read this:

    http://manstreamcomics.livejournal.com/

    especially this particularly damning post:

    http://manstreamcomics.livejournal.com/10572.html

  12. Pedro Tejeda Says:

    Manstream really should not be taken as a serious place to discuss sexuality in comics.

    I wish they spent more time getting things right then gnashing their teeth.

  13. thundertooth Says:

    I agree 100% with your sentiments Lisa. I read comics to enjoy a good story, not to be “aroused”. I think that maybe comic book companies are stuck in the mindset that it’s readers are all desperate men, hungering for some sight of a half naked female body. Even a poorly drawn one.
    I have no desire to ban anything, but it is not to my taste at all.

  14. Duffy Preston Says:

    Thought a: I agree with every political point from the feminists posting here.

    Thought b: If a person is over twelve years old and thinks “manstream” is a clever pun and a witty way to attack your opponents, or one of the dozen other examples like that, agreeing with your politics and thoughts about the future of comics is just not going to be enough to make most people not think you’re kind of a jackass.

  15. Tired Says:

    Stop linking racism and homophobia in with these rants please.

    If you want Star Sapphire to wear more clothes, by all means say it, but it’s not the Civil Rights struggle.

  16. elvee Says:

    What are some examples of good female costume design? Melaka Fray? Supergirl when her skirt is a realistic length? Somewhere in between these two?

  17. ce Says:

    I find Michael Turner’s art disgusting myself, but is what he’s doing with Power Girl really that much more offensive than what Wally Wood originally did with her? Other than a lack of subtlety and Wood being a better artist? Even before that, we had characters like the Phantom Lady, who was basically Golden Age equivalent of Lady Death or any other Boob War* comic.

    *credit Dave Campbell at http://daveslongbox.blogspot.com for the term

  18. ticknart Says:

    Mary — Playboy models are naked for titillation, not seduction. There’s a whole world of difference between them. The big difference, to me, is that titillation is something that takes a second to get a reaction, while seduction takes time with many small reactions that builds to something even bigger.

    And, yes, titillation is part, of many, of the seduction process, but that doesn’t mean it’s the most important part, and it’s certainly not the only part.

  19. Tired Says:

    Allen Iverson Impression:

    Midriffs? For real, midriffs? We’re talking about midriffs.

  20. Rob S. Says:

    Byce,

    I think talent actually matters quite a bit in these things. It’s the difference between the porny Mary Jane statue and the playful Adam Hughes art it was based on.

  21. Lisa Fortuner Says:

    Tired — Could you please clarify your comment? It seems to be implying that analyzing sexism isn’t as important as analyzing racism or homophobia, and/or that there is no racism or homophobia in superhero comics. Neither of those choices make sense to me.

    Trying to answer as best I can, I blog from a female point of view, but its impossible that deny that’s problems beyond that. And people who point out racist and homophobic issues get the same dismissive comments that the people who point out sexism do. So, my post applies there as well.

  22. Tired Says:

    There was no talk of racism/homophobia in your post. Not at all. If you have examples of racism/homophobia, please present them as I would love to see them, but you either intentionally or unintentionally used these concepts to sell your argument that Star Sapphire should wear more clothes. If that’s your position, and it’s not a bad one, please go ahead and blog about it. But don’t compare that offense to something like racism or homophobia without offering up reasons why.

    Sexism is important to address. But because sexism is an entirely different concept than racism, it’s not on equal footing. Both might, at times, be equally important, but Black Canary wearing impractical high heels into battle is not nearly at the level of blatant racism or homophobia. It can be addressed and maybe should be addressed, but let’s leave the hyperbole out of it for once.

  23. Ryan Higgins Says:

    DC and Marvel should get together to publish a book featuring:

    Power Girl
    Supergirl
    Witchblade
    Misty Knight
    Mary Jane (designed by AH)
    Emma Frost
    Star Sapphire
    Black Canary

    And Turner can write and draw it. Just to see people’s heads explode.

  24. Chaos McKenzie Says:

    “I find Michael Turner’s art disgusting myself, but is what he’s doing with Power Girl really that much more offensive than what Wally Wood originally did with her? Other than a lack of subtlety and Wood being a better artist? Even before that, we had characters like the Phantom Lady, who was basically Golden Age equivalent of Lady Death or any other Boob War* comic.”

    Except that’s not completely right… Phantom Lady was never more than a C-cup, though usually in the b-range…. Wally Wood’s Power Girl even with the belief that he upped her breasts every issue, were never as big as they are today - Bart Sears was the first person to give PG a hugely pronounced front chest. I think it was the circle cut out that got axed in her second appearance that made people uncomfortable at the time… but she was very modestly sized back then.

    Oh and Lisa… keep shouting the sexism, racism, and homophobia of the modern market is hand in hand. I’m not going to argue it, no one wants to listen to it… but honestly, if you really love this genre and have a brain you should be able to see the three sin glaring there. I love my superheroes, and am not easily offended but I see offensive stuff a lot, and more shocked by how people will defend it to no end.

    My current beefs are how the women of comics are being dumbed down at an alarming rate - Jodi P.’s wonder woman did serious damage to her once strong and independent character (though I don’t think Heinberg’s story helped at all), the once super tough women of Heroes for Hire are now all T&A and giggle fits, Storm, Black Canary, you name it there has been a definite slide in how women are protrayed recently.

    I also would like to take a moment to say LET THE COMIC BOOK CHARACTERS LIVE! NO MORE SENSELESS DEATH IN MY WEEKLY SERIALS!

    But yeah, tired… it ain’t hyperbole, you just don’t want to face an ugly truth…

  25. New way Says:

    Except that’s not completely right… Phantom Lady was never more than a C-cup, though usually in the b-range…. Wally Wood’s Power Girl even with the belief that he upped her breasts every issue, were never as big as they are today - Bart Sears was the first person to give PG a hugely pronounced front chest. I think it was the circle cut out that got axed in her second appearance that made people uncomfortable at the time… but she was very modestly sized back then.

    Oh and Lisa… keep shouting the sexism, racism, and homophobia of the modern market is hand in hand. I’m not going to argue it, no one wants to listen to it… but honestly, if you really love this genre and have a brain you should be able to see the three sin glaring there. I love my superheroes, and am not easily offended but I see offensive stuff a lot, and more shocked by how people will defend it to no end.

    My current beefs are how the women of comics are being dumbed down at an alarming rate - Jodi P.’s wonder woman did serious damage to her once strong and independent character (though I don’t think Heinberg’s story helped at all), the once super tough women of Heroes for Hire are now all T&A and giggle fits, Storm, Black Canary, you name it there has been a definite slide in how women are protrayed recently.

    I also would like to take a moment to say LET THE COMIC BOOK CHARACTERS LIVE! NO MORE SENSELESS DEATH IN MY WEEKLY SERIALS!

    But yeah, tired… it ain’t hyperbole, you just don’t want to face an ugly truth

    so if a character has anything larger then a C cup it’s inappropriate?

    That is the silliest thing I ever heard.

  26. Chaos McKenzie Says:

    that’s not what I said… I’m just stating that the arguements that Power Girl and Phantom Lady have always been super endowed so that’s why the Uber endowments of today are acceptable are baseless arguements - as Power Girl and Phantom Lady were not hugely endowed at the times of their creation.

  27. nietoperz Says:

    To the thread starter:

    Hear hear. Well written and well said.

  28. ce Says:

    They were well-endowed for their time - look at the pointy headlights on Golden Age female characters. My main point was they were examples of sexism, and in the case of Phantom Lady, scantily-clad.

    I don’t bring that up as a defense of current practices, but to illustrate that it’s nothing new. We’ve had scantily-clad, unrealistically-perfect women in suggestive bondage poses with lesbian overtones since at least the 1940s, a time before Madonna and Britney Spears.

  29. Chaos McKenzie Says:

    fair point… I still see a marked difference in the pin-ups of old to the no holds barred of today, though…

  30. New way Says:

    fair point… I still see a marked difference in the pin-ups of old to the no holds barred of today, though…

    I think size is relative. Powergirl was aways bigger then other superheroines, its just that now the average comic book woman is so much bigger that Powergirl has to be freakishly big in order to maintain the size Differential

  31. markus Says:

    good post, thanks.

  32. Fred Says:

    “My current beefs are how the women of comics are being dumbed down at an alarming rate - Jodi P.’s wonder woman did serious damage to her once strong and independent character (though I don’t think Heinberg’s story helped at all), the once super tough women of Heroes for Hire are now all T&A and giggle fits, Storm, Black Canary, you name it there has been a definite slide in how women are protrayed recently.”

    I’m still trying to get past the “Storm is dumbed down” part of this post. I’m baffled by that example.

  33. Joe Willy Says:

    So, if teenage boys keep getting killed in DC comics does that mean Dan Didio hates teenage boys?

    If I was so constantly offended by something I purchased on a regular basis I think I’d find something else to spend my money on- that’s why I don’t subscribe to the National Review, for example.

  34. Zane Says:

    “I’m still trying to get past the “Storm is dumbed down” part of this post. I’m baffled by that example. ”

    I believe the poster was referring to Storm acting like a woman her age might act instead of some godlike warrior woman.

    “so if a character has anything larger then a C cup it’s inappropriate?”
    If EVERY character does it is inappropriate. Also, if there is no attempt to give the character a body or the clothing that would go with it, it is inappropriate. Lastly, when

  35. Diana Kingston-Gabai Says:

    Zane: Last I checked, Storm was not sixteen, and therefore should not be standing on the sidelines like a frickin’ cheerleader while her hubby trashes a psycho clonebot.

  36. david brothers Says:

    Standing on the side once does not demeaning characterization make.

    And as I recall, Panther would’ve been beaten or overwhelmed if Storm hadn’t forced him to retreat in that issue.

  37. Tired Says:

    “But yeah, tired… it ain’t hyperbole, you just don’t want to face an ugly truth…”

    No, I’m just tired of hearing how the sky is falling every time it rains. Comparing some of the arguments to racism is something that goads me. Star Sapphire not wearing enough clothes or Black Canary wearing impractical heels in stories might be annoying to female readers, but the comparisons to racism or homophobia are way off the mark. It’s not comparable in the slightest. If I think it’s a shame that comic readers are so often portrayed as geeks in television or something, I can say that, but it’s not like my complaints are on the historical level of racism or homophobia. This isn’t getting women the right to vote or championing equal pay for equal work, so let’s drop the hyperbole and talk about it as it is instead of linking it to some of the worst creations in human history.

  38. Lisa Fortuner Says:

    Tired — Wow, you’re getting tripped up by the clothes comment, aren’t you? I wasn’t using my post to specifically to support the concept Star Sapphire should wear more clothes, I was using as an example of the sort of argument I’m defending. Much like you citation of the Black Canary sensible shoes point. Your use of the same argument method makes me seriously doubt your sincerity when it comes to that mistake, but I will concede its possible you read through too hastily.

    The mention of racism and homophobia is because my points are equally useful to answer the sorts of dismissive comments used to shut down conversations about race and sexuality in comics.

    And in your comparisons (because you are the one doing the comparison by saying that concerns about sexism are not as important as concerns about racism — that is why I asked if that was what you felt) you also seem to be forgetting that there are degrees of racism as well as degrees of sexism. When Asian women only show up as the Dragonlady archetype, when the only character not getting a subplot is the black guy, it may not be Ebony White but its still racism and it needs to be called such.

    Furthermore, the only person I see linking the examples of sexism found in my post to not being able to vote is you. You are the one who brought up the Civil Rights struggle, I was discussing complaints about offensive depictions in modern media. But you compared those complaints to violence, using three words that cover offensive stereotypes as well as motivations for violence for your springboard. So far, you have created an absurd comparison with a semantics loophole, used it to downplay the complaints and blamed it on me. If your goal is to shut down the conversation, that is a method of doing so, but not one that will be successful on one of my threads.

    Now, would you like to try this again?

  39. Anthony W Says:

    HELLO LISA,

    This is going to sound stange but can you hand this off to Ragnell the Foul. I just can’t get the hang of posting on her blog and her blog doesn’t offer a way to send letters directly to her. It’s about…well..Oklahoma.

    The new THOR series is taking place in Oklahoma. How do you feel about that?

    I live in Ohio, and while I feel that the Marvel Universe is too New York-centric, I always get a little queasy when a comic writer steps out of New York. The heroes all seem to end up in a “small town” where everyone is white and uses “folksy” words like “rekon”

    It makes me want to become a comic writer and then have a story take place in New York where everyone can’t stop saying “Youse talkin ta me?!”

    Don’t get me wrong, at least Marvel tries to use real world cities. And you can find little towns everywhere in the USA, but it just feels like the only state that Marvel can really do is California, and the rest of us are doomed to forever dwell in some twisted Norman Rockwell painting.

  40. Tired Says:

    Your use of racism, homophobia, etc. was out of place in the post. You were doing it to bolster and I think that’s out of place and this is hardly the first time I’ve seen it done in the threads in the past few weeks. It’s a foul argument technique, much in the way it would be foul for Sean Hannity to say we need to defeat the forces of dictatorships, terrorism, and liberalism and then discuss his problems with liberalism. It’s a rhetorical cheat.

    I mean, the whole point of your post is to address the “it’s a part of the genre” complaint. Are people saying RACISM is part of the genre? Homophobia? It’s something I’ve seen to address the critiques from the feminist perspective, but are people saying the black guys not having a subplot is part of superhero genre? If so, I would have loved to read about it, but it wasn’t there.

    My problem was with the bolstering technique and I’ve made it pretty clear. The reason I used Star Sapphire as an example of the hyperbole was because it was the example you used in your post and the first few arguments you made in the context. Don’t try to spin this around on ME and say I was the one shoehorning this in there, it’s right there in your posts. That’s pretty insulting to MY intelligence. And yes, there are varying degrees of racism/sexism/homophobia, etc., etc. That doesn’t mean they’re on equal playing fields and should be automatically linked in every debate without actually explaining the linkage.

    But then again, I’m obviously too stupid to comprehend your deep writing and logic with my “absurd comparison” and “semantic loopholes”.

  41. Lisa Fortuner Says:

    Tired — Then I apologize for not balancing off the post. It was written quickly on a Friday morning after I lost a much larger and more complete post to the whims of my computer. I don’t feel in the slightest that the reference was out of place, but if I had written a more complete original post I could have avoided this misunderstanding.

    (And I wasn’t calling you stupid. I was saying I don’t trust your motives because you were using the same argument techniques you were criticizing.)

Leave a Reply »